A DC fan is an electric fan powered by Direct Current (DC), commonly used in electronic devices, computers, and automotive systems. Unlike AC fans that operate on alternating current, DC fans use a constant voltage, typically 5V, 12V, or 24V, supplied by batteries or DC power sources. They are widely appreciated for their energy efficiency, compact size, and low noise operation.

DC fans use a brushless DC motor (BLDC), which enhances durability by reducing friction and wear. They operate using electronic commutation, where a controller circuit switches the current in the windings, causing the rotor to spin. This design enables better speed control, often through pulse-width modulation (PWM) or voltage variation.

Common applications include cooling systems in computers, power supplies, home appliances, and even in solar-powered setups. Advantages of DC fans include low power consumption, longer lifespan, and quiet operation, making them suitable for environments where noise is a concern.

However, DC fans usually require a DC power source or a converter from AC to DC, which can add to the system’s cost or complexity. Overall, DC fans are a reliable and efficient solution for various thermal management needs.